Skip to content

How A Math Tutor Can Have A Great Relation With The Student

The term teacher is often used for people who teach a particular subjects although only the teachers know that there is much more going on in their profession than merely teaching. A teacher has to have a great relation with his/her students in order to teach effectively. Since most of the students are teenagers or of the age around the teen years, it is possible to have a certain set of rules for dealing with students and successfully apply it on virtually all the students. Whether you are a math tutor or language teacher, you have to promote a healthy relation with students so they can progress.

First, you have to be friendly with the students and tell them that you have confidence in them. It really raises the energy in a student to a very high degree when they are told that someone is counting on them. Some of the most stubborn students will change their attitudes if only the teacher takes time out to talk to them in person and express confidence in their personalities. This brings the student closer to the teacher and he/she feels comfortable in discussing their study related matters with the teacher.

A teacher should also have a funny side to his/her personality. Students will always run away from teachers that look grumpy and angry. They love to be in the company of teachers who like to have fun or can crack jokes while teaching. It does not hurt the decorum of the class if you crack a few jokes that are morally fit for the occasion. In fact, a little research can return thousands of jokes related only to the subject you teach. Better yet, there are literally more jokes on mathematics than there are on any other subject.

A tutor/teacher should also be supportive and optimistic. Even if the student has not performed according to your expectations, you have to look at the tiny improvements that the student has made. Always mix your criticism and correction with words of appreciation for the good that your student has done. Believe it or not, students love to hear about their weaknesses and strengths. Dont be reluctant in discussing their weaknesses with them and assure them that you will work with them to take on their weaknesses. It also makes the students feel that their teacher really knows them well.

Reward your students with something interesting when they achieve the targets you set for them. It really does not make any sense to students when they have to achieve big targets for no return. Even a small thing can be big for them. For example, you can ask your student that you will play their favorite game with them if they score 95% in a math test. Its these little perks that are more than enough for students and they can really encourage students to put in their best efforts. Never degrade your student no matter how angry or frustrated you are.

Things Students  Should Do Before Their Exams

You can enjoy all you can unless you dont have your exams coming. Every student must remember that there is a lot of money being spent on him/her so they have to be serious with their studies. For many years after getting a job a student is only earning the money he/she had spent in studies all these years. It is therefore crucial for students to prepare properly for exams even if they have been doing other things all year long. The first thing is to start preparing for exams at least 3 to 4 months in advance since last minute approach does not work for everyone.

A tutor should be hired for all the subjects you think you need attention in. If you have always struggled with mathematics you should look for an amazing math tutor who can prepare you for exams in less time and with less stress. With a tutor you know you are bound to study at a particular time during the day. If you believe you can study on your own when you havent been great with this promise in the past, you are just making a mistake. Not to mention, a tutor can even help you with questions that might come in your exam.

Staying away from parties and gatherings is another thing you would want to do. The best way to keep away from them is to announce among your friends that you will be busy in studying for exams. If you dont announce, your friends will never know. They will definitely call you to join them when they are about to have a party and it would be hard for you to resist after they tell you how much fun they are going to have. It would not be wrong to turn off your phone for some time too.

Look around you and find the people who you know have always been serious with their studies. Plan group study sessions with them. Your group could have your own friends in it but if you know your friends just like to have fun then it is better to stay away from that group until the exams. At home, you will have to create some space for your studies. Dedicate a table for your exam preparation. The table should be enough for you to have your notebooks, notes, books and other accessories on it at any time.

The good thing about having a table dedicated for study is that you psychologically feel like studying when you are on it. Furthermore, you get to avoid the temptations of studying while lying on your bed. Many students have the habit of lying on their beds while studying. They know it for a fact that it does not take them more than a few minutes to go to sleep in this position. Lastly, start your day early when you are preparing for your exams. Morning is the best time to understand things and memorize them well because your mind and body are fresh and ready to accept any information.

How to tackle criminal record history

If you have never had the opportunity to research your criminal records, and have a past where there were legal issues, there are pieces of advice here that may help you. You'll be able to locate these damaging records, if in-deed having a criminal past, and then decide how to best deal with it.

When you're ready to start searching for your records, you should be aware of the various websites that are out there to scam you. Sometimes these sites claim they are going to provide you with a detailed background check report for a small fee, but are just rehashing information. For instance, you may find their database system is charging you for information you could have gotten for free, though please note, even state or county websites usually charge a fee for public record retrieval and compilation. Perhaps it's indicating that you are someone else that has a similar name. You never know, so that's why reading reviews on services such as these can be of benefit to you.

You may not even know that you have any records on file, because there are a lot of times when people just forget to pay a ticket or something similar, not knowing that an arrest warrant is present in their records. Maybe you had too much to drink and don't remember getting into a conflict with a police officer for public intoxication. These things happen, and until you check into this, it could be that you're not able to get a job because of these issues. By taking the time to get these problems resolved, or at least knowing the circumstances, you then have the ammunition to deal with any future reviews, in regards to these charges, when they arrive.

Who and for what reasons do people commonly run a criminal record background check and how are they going to do it? Well, chances are they will use an intricate database for their search, where they would need to have your consent to do so. Read the fine print when signing anything in regards to applying for a job or credit when pursuing a loan, to see if you are consenting to this kind of personal inquiry. A person can also request that the sources being used for this record search be disclosed, then at that point go to the source and order your own background report that you pay for yourself to see what they may find.

Were you not given employment because of a conflict in your past? Try applying for positions that have nothing to do with any previous charges. You may find that a position where perhaps would involve driving isn't going to come that easily when your past is full of driving related charges. If you have something that you want to do or accomplish in life, being encumbered with previous arrest or criminal records can make it really difficult for you in the future. That's why it is always best to pay off any fines and do your best to tackle any punishment you are given when breaking a law, in an intelligent and reasonable manner.

Another unfortunate occurrence that may possibly arise, is that your identity may have been stolen and used in such a way that someone inadvertently involved you in a crime, and this my friends is not the lesser of two evils. For instance, if someone stole a check from you, forged your name and then used it to purchase, or in this case, steel something, it could be seen as you being the perpetrator and in turn instigate an arrest warrant with your name on it. Research and retrieve information about your past by running a personal history background check. By doing so, may help to reveal if someone at some point was trying to use your identity to work for them and against you.

Anyone with a criminal record history or is curious to know if they have any incriminating information pertaining to them floating around out there, can utilize these tips. Considering how to tackle this type of endeavor can sometimes be a daunting thought. If you can leave your anxieties by the wayside, keep your chin up and carry through with this process, you'll discover that securing a detailed report of your past will give you a sense of comfort and leave you more prepared for lifes challenges. Remember, you don't have to be a hardened criminal to have criminal records.

A Mugshot Search Is One Of The Least Used Research Tools

A mugshot photograph tells a thousand wordsPeople are so willing to pay for everything, to put down money for all of the information that they need without even blinking an eye. This leads to a culture that dismisses things that are free and that doesnt look like any traditional information sources or appear to hold much value. For this reason, people may ignore pictures of events in favor of explanations or hard statistics. So in hindsight, making the decision to ignore doing a mugshot search when trying to track down an alleged suspect would be similar to buying a car without being concerned about what color it is. This is especially prevalent when looking into the background of people before associating with them, hiring them, dating them, or determining the correct course of action to take upon meeting them for the first time.

Unfortunately many people dont realize that they can access the mugshot of other people without needing to shell out a large sum of money. Many assume that this information would be kept under lock and key and that it won't give any clues in regards to arrests or convictions. This is a problem, for the fact that images often tell a much clearer picture of what really happened, rather than relying on a terse arrest report or court transcript. In fact, photos taken at the time of the crime scene can show so much about the mental and physical state that someone was in when they were arrested. This point, though not well documented, is a fact.



If someone says that they were framed for a crime, that they had true remorse, or that they had no idea why they were being arrested, can be further scrutinized by running a mugshot search here and obtaining their picture to help determine if they are telling the truth. From the photo you can see if they have physical damage, if they look sad, if they look high, or if they look confused. All of these visual signs will give more insight than any simple report would ever be capable of. They can also give you a look into the mind and soul of the person that you are dealing with.

In addition, these photos are a revealing account of that particular instance and make it difficult to deny the emotion that pertained to and was associated with the event. Very often people will say that they didn't commit a crime, that there was a mix-up, in which it was done by someone with a similar name, while all along concealing the truth. When confronted with the persons own arrest photo it becomes much harder to make that kind of argument. Instead, people are forced to be much more honest with their problems and reveal the actual circumstances.

In the same regard, a mugshot search can also be a good way to verify that a person you may have inadvertently suspected of wrongdoing in the past, has actually done so before you discount them from your life. There are people with similar names in the world and sometimes conclusions can be made in haste without all of the pertinent information. Having a photograph will show you if the offender is someone that you are actually familiar with or just someone with the same name. This way you know that you're directing your accusations at the right person and will feel more confident about keeping an individual out of your life, out of your business, or the opposite.

Finally, having these photos can help you identify people who are using fake names to get around basic security measures. Many counties will allow you to look through their booking mugshots online, giving you a place to start comparing information when you suspect that something is not right. Usually you should trust your instincts and always try looking deeper into those little hunches that you have; like if someone appears too good to be true there is a good chance that this is absolutely the case. In short, using a mugshot search can help keep you safe at home and business, as well as help you make better decisions and choices about a person in regards to their previous arrests and convictions.

KITCHEN EQUIPMENT: OBSERVATIONS FROM BOTH SIDES OF THE POND

Every two years the North American Food Equipment Manufacturers (NAFEM) organization hosts its premier event somewhere in the United States - the NAFEM Show - where manufacturers throughout North America display the latest and greatest foodservice equipment they have to offer. On the other side of the pond, in Italy, there is another biennial event - the HOST show - where the latest and greatest European kitchen equipment is showcased, offering industry professionals an opportunity to kick the tires. This past fall, these two tradeshows were held back-to-back in Atlanta and Milan, and I was fortunate to participate in both.

Separated by less than a week, attending these two shows one right after the other highlighted clear similarities and differences between trends in the two regions. I would like to briefly address the commonalities first, as analyzing the differences is far more revealing. Generally speaking, walking around the more than 20 combined exhibit halls, just about everything I saw was familiar. There were a few new, truly innovative products at both shows, but even these were often improvements within a pre-existing category. In other words, there were some different style ranges with very unique features - but they were still ranges. Pressurized braising pans had an increased presence and seemed to be growing in popularity - but they were an improved version of the familiar piece of equipment we have been using for decades. I think you see my point.

The differences between equipment displayed at these two exhibitions, however, were more intriguing to me because I believe that they convey a great deal regarding trends, preferences, health codes, and priorities within each region. Certain products - even product categories - that were on display in Atlanta could not be found in Milan; and the reverse was also true. The remainder of this column highlights some of the key divergences I observed between the goods on display at these two events. Here they are, in no particular order:

As a general rule, the European equipment featured a higher quality of fit and finish. Craftsmanship of the equipment was typically superior to their North American counter parts. The polishing, welding, corners, and overall design of the European equipment seemed to receive more attention and consideration. The Europeans are more thoughtful about the design of their equipment, with a better understanding of how the equipment is actually utilized within commercial kitchens.

The European equipment featured a number of little details that had been carefully conceived to improve the European products' function, cleanability, and durability. Here are just a few examples of what I am referring to: Manual cranks for tilting equipment that featured a recessed handle which could be stowed when not in use; pre-determined access points within lids on kettles and braising pans to ensure that the fill faucet would not be damaged; a recessed griddle top to help keep food in one place, as opposed to raised shields on three sides (also much easier to keep clean).

The Europeans use far more induction tops. A heavy duty induction range - built to match a full bodied range line - was a standard at the HOST show. A similar piece of equipment could not even be found at NAFEM.

Food guards (also referred to as sneeze guards or breath shields) were a standard in the United States, and even the sole or primary product line for several manufacturers. These items were much harder to find in Milan. While they were incorporated into some of the buffet and serving equipment, they were far less prevalent.

Many of the cooking suites (pianos) on display in Milan featured an open bottom with no ovens or storage cabinets below. While this does make cleaning much easier, I was a bit surprised given the limitations on space throughout Europe and traditionally smaller footprints for kitchens.

Speaking of smaller footprints, I saw range line-ups, complete with cabinet and oven bases, that were only 550mm deep (less than 24 inches). This seemed to have some possible application for venues where variety is desired, but volume is low and space is at a premium.

The popularity of different cooking methods was evident in the equipment on display. In Italy, combination oven-steamers have become the norm in what is now referred to as vertical cooking. While combi-ovens, as they are commonly called, are continue to gain popularity in North America, they are not nearly as common as they are in Europe where nearly every corner bistro employs a combi-oven in the kitchen. Conversely, charbroiling is still a very popular method for cooking in North America, but few charbroilers were exhibited at the show in Italy.

Due primarily to health code requirements in the US, temperature controlled food holding equipment was far more common at the NAFEM show. More specifically, I am referring to equipment that is designed to hold food product - either hot or cold - that is ready for service. Drop-in hot food wells, refrigerated cold pans, induction heated chafing dishes, and other such comparable equipment on display in Atlanta was specifically designed to hold food products either above 140F or below 40F. The equivalent equipment in Italy did not focus meet the same temperature requirements. This is most likely due to differences in code requirements and preparation methods. I can only remember seeing one manufacturer in Milan showcasing hot food wells, and I did not see a single drop-in cold pan. Frost tops were utilized in most of the cold serving equipment, a method which is slowly being phased out in the US.

The European equipment placed far greater importance on limiting the usage of energy and water. Of particular interest was a manufacturer of dish machines who has a worldwide presence. During the show, they unveiled a new flight-type dish machine that can operate on just 50 gallons of water per hour. This machine, however, is not available in North America; the comparable unit that is available uses approximately 400 gallons of water per hour.

Within these observations there is a story being told. Different regions have different requirements and priorities, which impact the design and function of their kitchen equipment. What is important in one region may not be as important as another. Cooking methods, local health codes, cuisine, manufacturing processes, and local customer expectations all work to shape the type and style of equipment being offered in each region. In my experience, the lines between European and North American foodservice practices are blurring more and more each day. North American based hotel and restaurant brands are expanding globally while European culinary practices are being sought out more regularly throughout the United States as food preparation and consumption continue to play a more important role in everyday life. Taking time to explore and consider practices from the other side of the ocean - regardless of which side you live on - could result in a few good ideas that might improve your operation.

Read more: http://escoffier.com/culinary-content/articles-on-restaurant-design/129-restaurant-kitchen-equipment-us-vs-europe

Choosing Benjamin Adam Shoes For Indoor And Outdoor Weddings

In order to choose a shoe for the wedding day, you can be spoilt for choice with Benjamin Adam Shoes. Creative design and extra ordinary material of the shoe can mesmerize you completely. However, it is important to remember about the practicality of the event. According to the type of wedding, shoes must be selected. An extensive range of designs are presented for the mother of the bride and groom as well from this creative designer. Based on the comfort level in addition to possibility of damage or stain, shoes can be picked up from the outlet of your favourite designer called Benjamin Adams.

Through Benjamin Adam Shoes, sheer delight can be added to the life naturally. By looking at the shoes, nostalgia can be revived in later years. Practical designs are observed from the designer brand. Therefore, it has been advised to go with a shoe that goes well with the colour and couture of the dress. Both the shape in addition to the style of the shoe must compliment the complete ensemble. It has been urged by the stylist to select a shoe that is loved and adored.

> Shoes for outdoor wedding

Outdoor wedding can be considered as a wonderful option. However, there is always a fear of bad weather on the occasion. Due to a bad weather, lots of problems can be observed for the bride, mother of bride and other guests in the wedding party. By using an umbrella, both hair and dress can be saved to some extent. Damage in the shoes cannot be avoided in any given condition. Dirt, wet floor in addition to puddles can be considered as the cause of damage.

Therefore, stain can be attracted by the shoes quite naturally. Due to rain drops, issues can be observed quite naturally. Material for the shoe must be chosen carefully. It is always better to go with the leather Benjamin Adam Shoes for wedding. Both the dirt and dust can be eliminated from the shoe in due course. Instead of peep toe shoes, closed shoes can be selected to avoid wet feet.

Nature of outdoor terrain must be considered. Due to presence of cobblestone and gravel, problems can be seen to walk in heel. In this situation shoes with a slim heel can be chosen in comparison to chunky heels.

> Shoes for indoor wedding

Diverse range of shoes from the Benjamin Adam Collection can be worn with an indoor wedding. Presence of dirt must not be considered on the occasion. In case of a slippery floor or lots of stairs then it is better to select Benjamin Adam Shoes with heels. Through this process, risk of fall can be avoided easily. It is better to practice with the shoes before the wedding day. Comfort and safety must be given utmost preference.

In case the event has been distributed in outdoor and indoor section equally then it is better to keep two pairs available. Closed toe shoe can be worn for an outdoor event. On the other hand peep toed shoes or sandals must be kept for the indoors.

How To Overcome Addiction Using Self-help Audio Books

One of the best ways to help you learn different strategies in overcoming an addiction is to ask help from a therapist. However, some people say that what keeps them from seeing a therapist is because each session with the therapist can take some time, and they find it hard to insert this into their busy schedule. In addition, undergoing therapy with a good therapist is often quite expensive. These are just some of the reasons why many people end up looking for other ways to help them.

Nowadays, you can easily search for practically any information that you need from the internet. If you search online for ways to help you overcome an addiction, youll notice that there will be lots of self-improvement articles and videos. Its a good idea to look for a good self-improvement audio book, which you can use by simply listening to an expert who will be giving you detailed instructions.

Meditation and hypnosis are some of the most common techniques used by most experts in helping people who are struggling with addiction. Its helpful to look for audio books on meditation for addiction recovery. You can also search for audio books about how to overcome addiction with hypnosis. These are great tools for helping you learn how to manage your health properly, and to take back complete control of your life.

In addition, there are lots of audio books about other self-help topics, which you might be interested in. Its a good idea to search for audio books about the tools that you can use to help you achieve balance in life, how to experience inner peace, and other self-help therapies.

You can listen to these audio books at your most convenient time in the comforts of your own home. You just simply listen, focus and follow the instructions. However, whenever youre listening to an audio book, its important to be in a place that is safe, quiet and free from distractions. Its not advisable to play it when youre in a place where you cant focus listening to it, like when youre driving or when youre in a room with other people around.

To help create your room to become more conducive for meditation, its a good idea to turn the lights down low. Keep in mind that as you listen to the audio, youll slowly get into a meditation trance state. In order to make your meditative experience nice and smooth, just simply try to relax. You dont need to worry yourself about doing it right. Just simply listen to the instructions with mindfulness, and allow yourself to relax and enjoy.

Learn more about preparing for meditation by watching the video below.

Aside from listening to audio books to help you fight an addictive behaviour, its also very helpful to make sure that youre eating healthy, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep each night. Continue to find other ways to help you overcome addiction. As long as you put in the right effort, youll surely find the best techniques to help you get better.

What Is Celtic Astrology All About?

Most people understand what astrology is. It is the study of the relationship between the stars and planets in the sky, as well as the sun and the moon, in relationship to a person's birth. In European astrology, it is believed that the constellation in the sky, where the sun is positioned when you are born, that is representative of particular characteristics related to your sign and subsequently your birth. In Chinese astrology, instead of looking at the month or time when a person is born to determine their zodiac sign, they will actually consider the year of your birth instead with all of the attributes of the animals associated with that sign to be representative of what will ultimately play a role in that person's personality. A different type of astrology is called Celtic astrology, yet another form of astrology that believes that the time of our birth is actually pivotal to the development of our behavior and personality as well. However, there are some subtle differences between Celtic astrology, and other forms of astrology found throughout the world. By understanding the Celtic Zodiac we can throw some light on how it can help us in life.

What Is Celtic Astrology?

Celtic astrology is a little different in that it actually began when looking at the code relationship of particular types of trees and their relationship to a person's birth. It is actually called Celtic tree astrology, and it is a lunar based astrology, one that honors the natural rhythms of nature, similar in ways to Native American astrological concepts. There are many cultures that have a lunar calendar such as the Jewish and the Chinese, but where Celtic astrology differs the most is that there is no separation between humans and animals. This seems to be true of those that use animals for astrological symbols, specifically zodiac signs that are represented by constellations in the sky.

Different Celtic Signs For Astrology

There are some similarities between the animals that are used with all forms of astrology. They tend to be related to animals that are familiar to the areas where these forms of astrology were formed. This transition from correlating trees to humans, and then subsequently animals to humans, makes Celtic astrology much more familiar. They use animals such as the Eagle, quail, and even the butterfly, animals that are not used in European or Chinese astrology. The correlation, however, exists not so much in the animals or trees that are used. It is the personality traits that are representative of each symbol, regardless if it is a tree or an animal, definitive characteristics that people born under these particular signs tend to have as an innate part of their personality.

Horoscopes And Science

In our scientific world, the correlation between symbols, astronomical bodies in the universe, and trees that grow seems to have no scientific basis. However, the people that believe in astrology tend to use what are called horoscopes in order to guide the choices that they make. And although this may be difficult to prove on a scientific level as to whether or not horoscopes have any value, it is clear that the similarities between personality traits of certain people born at certain times of the year, seem to be consistent and as a result of that, Celtic astrology, and all other forms of astrology, seem to have definite merit.

What Is Celtic Astrology All About?

Most people understand what astrology is. It is the study of the relationship between the stars and planets in the sky, as well as the sun and the moon, in relationship to a person's birth. In European astrology, it is believed that the constellation in the sky, where the sun is positioned when you are born, that is representative of particular characteristics related to your sign and subsequently your birth. In Chinese astrology, instead of looking at the month or time when a person is born to determine their zodiac sign, they will actually consider the year of your birth instead with all of the attributes of the animals associated with that sign to be representative of what will ultimately play a role in that person's personality. A different type of astrology is called Celtic astrology, yet another form of astrology that believes that the time of our birth is actually pivotal to the development of our behavior and personality as well. However, there are some subtle differences between Celtic astrology, and other forms of astrology found throughout the world. By understanding the Celtic Zodiac we can throw some light on how it can help us in life.

What Is Celtic Astrology?

Celtic astrology is a little different in that it actually began when looking at the code relationship of particular types of trees and their relationship to a person's birth. It is actually called Celtic tree astrology, and it is a lunar based astrology, one that honors the natural rhythms of nature, similar in ways to Native American astrological concepts. There are many cultures that have a lunar calendar such as the Jewish and the Chinese, but where Celtic astrology differs the most is that there is no separation between humans and animals. This seems to be true of those that use animals for astrological symbols, specifically zodiac signs that are represented by constellations in the sky.

Different Celtic Signs For Astrology

There are some similarities between the animals that are used with all forms of astrology. They tend to be related to animals that are familiar to the areas where these forms of astrology were formed. This transition from correlating trees to humans, and then subsequently animals to humans, makes Celtic astrology much more familiar. They use animals such as the Eagle, quail, and even the butterfly, animals that are not used in European or Chinese astrology. The correlation, however, exists not so much in the animals or trees that are used. It is the personality traits that are representative of each symbol, regardless if it is a tree or an animal, definitive characteristics that people born under these particular signs tend to have as an innate part of their personality.

Horoscopes And Science

In our scientific world, the correlation between symbols, astronomical bodies in the universe, and trees that grow seems to have no scientific basis. However, the people that believe in astrology tend to use what are called horoscopes in order to guide the choices that they make. And although this may be difficult to prove on a scientific level as to whether or not horoscopes have any value, it is clear that the similarities between personality traits of certain people born at certain times of the year, seem to be consistent and as a result of that, Celtic astrology, and all other forms of astrology, seem to have definite merit.

How To Stand Out With Prom Dress

Prom is one of the special occasions in the life of a teenager. It is an utmost desire of a teenager to be noticed in their prom dresses. Perfect platform can be found in order create a mark in front of the opposite gender with prom. Impression can be created that can set teenager apart others naturally.

Go for the classy look

Classic and traditional attire is chosen by most of the girls at prom. It has been certainly considered as a trend with prom dress Scotland. Through a strapless dress, it is possible to maintain the glamour quotient for the special occasion intact. In addition to strapless dress, there is a trend for the open back dresses as well. However, difference can be created in the sea of crowd with chic long sleeve dress and high neckline. It can help to create a sophisticated look effortlessly. Therefore, goal of the event must be a unique look that is worthy for Red Carpet.

Deserved to be treated as royalty

Full length ball gown can be selected for the event instead of a sexy look. Through a prom dress, princess look from the fairy tale can be acquired quite smoothly. Prom can be treated as a ball. Therefore, a royal treatment is necessary.

Defining Elegance

Most of the teenagers choose bright colour for the prom. However, you can go with a little subtle colour such as white or black. Due to elegant nature of the prom dress, it will certainly grab the attention. By choosing a neutral colour, you will able to manage a standout look without further hassle. If a classic black or white dress is chosen for the event then it can utilised later on quite naturally. In this way, limitation of vibrant coloured dresses can be avoided.

Create a sparkling effect

In addition to beautiful prom dresses, style statement can be made with accessories. It helps to add certain amount of glamour to the dresses. Sequinned dresses are chosen by the girl sometime in order to create a dazzling effect naturally. In addition to a sequin dress, selection can be made with the range of beaded dresses as well. Lace dresses are often found apt for the prom. If you are wearing a heavy dress then it is better to accessories simply with Show your glow perfectly

Through short length prom dress in Scotland, a little bit of skin show can be allowed. Same strategy can be applied with a long lace dress with high neck. Fit of the dress plays an important role on the occasion. Therefore, it must not be taken casually. A loose fitted dress can ruined look for the event completely. In case of a loose fitting, dresses must be altered adequately. Therefore, a trustworthy professional must be chosen for the purpose. Dance floor can be dazzled with a floor length dress easily. In this way, you can become the centre of attraction.

By selecting these amazing and beautiful prom dresses, you can make a fashion statement in front of the public.

A Quick Celtic Astrology Background Explanation

Of the many different types of astrology that are out there, Celtic astrology is one of the most interesting. It is different from the rest because of additional variables that are associated with the constellations used for zodiac signs. It is a lunar based astrology, one that has 13 signs instead of 12. One of the primary differences is that it uses crystal stones and trees in its correlation with personality traits that people will have as a result of the day that they were born. Let's look at Celtic astrology in summary providing you with a little bit of background information that can help you decide whether or not this type of astrology is for you.

A Background On Celtic Astrology

Due to the emphasis of the Celtic people on nature, and also the moon as their primary way of keeping track of time, they were well aware of the integral connection between both mankind and nature. In the beginning, Celtic astrology was not a relationship between zodiac symbols and people, but a relationship between the Celts and trees that would signify certain characteristics about a person depending upon the time of the year that they were born. Each tree is representative of personality traits that a person will have, similar to how other forms of astrology are designed. There was also the concept of the dark and light halves of the year, something that was representative also of the life, death and rebirth cycle.

Celtic Tree Symbols And Traits

There are 13 trees that are part of Celtic astrology which include the birch, rowan, ash, and alder tree to name a few. Each one of the trees is associated with a different animal, each with their own characteristics. In the same way that Chinese astrology also uses the Dragon to represent one of its zodiac signs, so also do the Celts. It would seem that the Dragon may have been a real animal at some point in time due to the correlation between Chinese and Druid astrology. Astrological charts could be designed based upon a person's date of birth and the sign and tree for which they were associated. There seems to be some validity to this particular pseudoscience simply because it has existed for so long, and many people do possess a large number of the traits associated with their particular zodiac sign.

Celtic astrology is one of the most unique in the world because of its connection to nature, in combination with the signs of the zodiac in the sky. If you are able to find an astrologist that can provide a natal chart for you, using the signs of the Celtic zodiac and the trees that are also associated, it may very well be an important decision that can change your life.

What is Romance

When it comes to romance many people cannot use one word to define it. Romance is like a magic portion full of different herbs and concoctions. It is mostly believed that women are more romantic than men

Scientific surveys of love are odd beasts. Take the recent Psychology Today survey, conducted by Dr. Gwedolyn Seidman, that considered the idea of romance. According to a set of data called the “Romantic Beliefs Scale,” based on a questionnaire distributed to both genders, men are “more romantic” than women. That criterion Seidman uses to define romanticism is that love should be the driving factor in choosing a partner. “People with a highly romantic view of love believe that their love will be perfect and that each of us has one true love,” she writes. “[Women] are more likely to feel that love should develop slowly and to be cautious before jumping into a relationship, a less romantic attitude.”

But this study, though Seidman’s methods are sound, is necessarily flawed. Because unlike something like atmospheric pollution or tree trunk circumference, measuring what is and is not romantic is a subjective matter. “Romantic” suggests an idealized view of love, and, no surprise, ideals vary. The grand gesture, the roses everywhere, the skywriting, the profession of love in a crowded room, those are the things that we point to as examples of romance. Those things are great, and I’m not knocking them. But not all women think that a bathtub filled with chocolates is the ultimate expression of emotional connectedness. The way that women think about relationships and expect to be treated in them has evolved, and with them our expectations for what romance means.

Sourced from:http://hellogiggles.com/romance/

Men are from Mars while women are from Venus. This means that when it comes to romance, the two genders have a different appetite. What a man finds romantic might what a woman finds as awkward but for the sake of love let us get it done.

1.Express interest in what he is thinking, feeling, wanting, and doing by asking him.

Asking self-reflective questions, allowing the time and space for him to answer, then talking so that he can elaborate will likely make him feel valued and that you care about him in a special way. Ideally, he may discover things or become aware of things about himself he rarely thinks about.

2.Give him your undivided attention, eye to eye.

Generally women talk more than they listen. Giving your undivided attention conveys that whatever they have to say is important to you. Eye to eye contact is a show of genuine interest, that you are comfortable being with him and that what he says truly matters to you.

3.Say what you’d really like, “I’d really appreciate it if you…

In the example above, George had felt disconnected from his wife for a while. He felt that she was constantly consumed, anxious and worried and that he was rarely on her radar. No matter what he did, it went unnoticed, so after a while, he stopped trying to read her mind. Making specific requests made him feel they were connected, partners working together who could count on each other for support. I believe that he was speaking for the majority of men.

Sourced from:http://www.eharmony.com/dating-advice/relationships/what-is-romance-to-a-guy/#.VscQzSp97IU

Women love men who act like their knight in shining armor. He expects you to open doors and get things repaired. Women do not like weak men, they want you to take charge.

Romantic Need #1: To be spiritually ministered to by her man

Are you surprised that something to do with candy and flowers isn’t number one? A woman wants a man eager to be her protector, someone who cares not just about her security and physical needs but also (and even more importantly) about her spirituality, the well-being of her very soul.

Romantic Need #2: To feel safe and secure with her husband

A woman needs to feel her husband’s covenantal commitment to stay married and to love her and accept her. Then she feels safe to give him the gift of who she is in the marriage relationship. The Shulammite woman, who was the object of Solomon’s passion, said, “I am my beloved’s and my beloved is mine” (Song 6:3). She obviously had a strong sense of contentment and security.

Romantic Need #3: To share intimate conversation

According to something I read recently, the typical couple spends only four minutes a day in meaningful conversation with each other. A lot of us husbands don’t realize that for our wives to consider us romantic, we first of all have to be a great friend and a conversationalist.

Sourced from:http://www.familylife.com/articles/topics/marriage/staying-married/romance-and-sex/5-romantic-needs-of-a-woman

A Quick Look At The Various Chinese Horoscope Signs

The Chinese zodiac is based on your date of birth which reveals your personality traits, heath, career and compatibility. There are 12 different signs and these are the rat, dragon, tiger, ox, rabbit, snake, rooster, goat, horse, monkey,dog and pig. We will now take a closer look at each one of these signs to get a brief understanding of the features of Chinese horoscopes and personality of people associated with each sign.

The first sign that we will start with is the rat. People who are born under the rat are charming and aggressive. They are usually quite talkative, expressive and enjoy going to parties and socializing. These people love partying, and can only occasionally be seen by themselves or quiet. The most compatible signs with the rat are the ox, pig, monkey and dragon.

Ox people are often hardworking and very determined and persistent people. They have a strong belief in themselves and usually classify most things as being good or bad. They typically have high standards and get upset when other people dont have the same standards. Ox people are very observant, have great memory, stubborn and are often dogmatic. They are most compatible with the rat, snake and rooster.

Tiger people are simply born leaders. They are fearless, unpredictable and intense which makes them great fighters who will fight for a cause that they believe is right. Even though they may be fighters they are usually calm and warm hearted and have a love for adventure. They are most compatible with the horse, monkey and dog.

Rabbit people are usually sweet, kind and quite popular. They are often famous for their artistic sense and good taste since they are usually impeccably dressed. Rabbit people are usually calm, sentimental and compassionate. They are most compatible with the dragon, goat and pig.

Dragon people are born leaders that are idealists, perfectionists and often inflexible. They are very determined and aggressive but sometimes tyrannical. They are most compatible with the rat, rabbit and pig.

Snake people are charming and popular that like to be the spotlight. Snake people are often very intellectual, cerebral and philosophers but can sometimes exaggerate. They are most compatible with the ox, rooster and horse.

Horse people are active, energetic and have lots of sex appeal. They know how to dress and are very quick witted and intelligent. They are most compatible with the tiger, goat and dog.

Goat people are very charming, elegant, creative and have good manners and charm. They are unfortunately quite insecure but have lots of admirers. They are most compatible with the rabbit, horse and pig.

Monkey people are quite cheerful and energetic. They are extremely sociable, diplomatic and excellent at problem solving. They are most compatible with the rat and other monkeys.

Roosters are very observant people that are usually quite straightforward. They are most compatible with the ox and snake.

Dog people are very honest, sincere and faithful. They are very social and quite agreeable. They are most compatible with the horse, tiger and pig.

Lastly, pig people are very honest, tolerant and sincere. They are very chivalrous and loyal people that are some of the nicest people around. They are most compatible with the rabbit, goat and other pigs.

Tips And Advice On Attracting Scorpio Men

If you're interested in attracting a Scorpio man, then you certainly have great taste! Scorpios tend to be some of the most interesting, handsome, and generally fantastic people - so if you're attracted to him, there's a good chance that you're not the only one.

This means that one of the biggest problems you'll face is standing out from the competition - and with several women in a Scorpios life, your goal should be to make him turn to you in times of need, so you can develop a deeper bond with him over time.

Interestingly, Scorpios tend to be very focused and driven - especially when it comes to winning within their career or work role. With this in mind, it's often a wise move to find a way to assist him with his career in some way.

If you have some sort of 'professional connection' that can help him to advance, you'll certainly make a fantastic impression with him, and it won't be long before he starts to see you as more than a friend.

Once you're in regular contact with a Scorpio, it shouldn't take very long for a connection to form - but it's important not to rush things. Scorpios in particular are very resistant to pressure, and if they think you're pushing the relationship into a deeper level of intimacy too fast, this will often scare them off.

So it's best to keep the personal questions to a minimum for now, and let him open up in his own time.

However, once the connection has started to become more serious, then you will have plenty of opportunity to share your true feelings with him - and it's likely he will quickly reciprocate those feelings when the time is right.

You'll also find that honesty is one of the Scorpios key traits - so this can be very refreshing to experience, especially when he's sharing his deeper thoughts with you.

One of the great things about a Scorpio is that you'll always know how he feels about you, so you won't have to concern yourself with what he's thinking - most of the time he'll just tell you!

Overall, learning how to catch a scorpio man for love isn't too challenging. If you keep the key considerations we have covered above in mind, then you'll quickly draw the Scorpio man closer to you. After that it's about patience as it will be only a matter of time before he falls in love with you.

What Is The Best Way To Attract A Capricorn Guy?

Connecting with a Capricorn man can be difficult due to their independent nature. Capricorns can be very passionate and faithful but you might wonder why the Capricorn you are into is not showing any signs of interest. The truth is that Capricorns do not open up easily and need some time before they can trust someone. What then do you need to understand about how to attract a Capricorn man?

Capricorns have a hard time with trusting others, which means the man you are into needs to know you are not here to play games. Be clear about your intentions and don't hesitate to tell him how you feel and to ask him out. Capricorn men are very independent and will love seeing this quality in you as you prove that you don't need a man who will make the first move.

Most Capricorn men tend to be a little old-fashioned. This means they expect a woman to have some class. They also value friendship and will want to build a strong connection with you before they are ready to take the relationship further. Be mindful of what you say and how you behave in front of the Capricorn you want to attract. Getting too drunk, swearing or not wearing ladylike clothes could be a turn off for him. Don't try to make things move too fast. Remember that Capricorn men value friendship and are a little old-fashioned, which can work to your advantage. You should focus on developing this friendship by simply hanging out. You could for instance go to a movie together or have dinner at a nice restaurant. There is no need to focus on creating something romantic in the early stages of the relationship. Focus on having fun together as friends and on creating a comfortable environment. The Capricorn man you want to attract needs this type of environment to gradually open up to you and to learn to trust you.

Intelligence is something all Capricorn men love. You don't have to overdo it, but don't be afraid to discuss science, politics or art. Pick some intellectual activities such as going to a see a foreign film, visiting a museum together or spending an evening at the opera or the theater. These are great ways to make him notice how smart and sophisticated you are! Attracting a Capricorn guy can take time but it is definitely worth it. You will have a strong relationship once he is ready to open up and trust you.

Horoscopes And Careers - Improve Your Life Today

Do you consistently look at your horoscope to determine what you need to do each day? If you do, you are not alone. Horoscopes have been used for centuries, in one form or another, a way of helping people make decisions. You can find these online very easily, or even subscribed to an email list that will show you exactly what to do. Their suggestions have been linked to thousands of people making it very difficult decisions about relationships and even their careers. There is a reason that people continue to use horoscopes and astrology, mainly because they have had such great results, and there seems to be something to this esoteric practice. The following information will describe the origins of horoscopes, and how you may be able to improve your job or career by making choices that will bring you something even better.

Origins Of Horoscopes

Horoscopes are actually built upon a practice called astrology. Astrology is based upon the positioning of the stars and planets in the sky. It also has to do with the sun and the moon, and also the day of your birth, specifically where the sun was in the sky. In astrology, there are zodiac signs each represented by a different constellation. Constellations fall of the ecliptic and have had different names over the last few millennia, represented somewhat differently in different cultures, but the foundation for astrology and their purpose is still the same. When the sun is in one of these constellations, this is representative of a particular sign. Each sign has specific characteristics. It is believed that the sign that you are born under can dictate the type of personality that you have and also the life that you will lead. Horoscopes originate from these astrological calculations, providing the information that is found in every horoscope that is right around the world. Can astrology and horoscopes really help you make a positive career decision? It really depends on who you ask.

<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/wHvijUnSB8w?rel=0&showinfo=0" width="420" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Can Horoscopes And Careers Be Interconnected?

If it is true that the universe is by design, and that the stars and planets play a role in not only our birth but the decisions that we make, then it is possible that understanding these signs as they relate to our life can be beneficial toward making positive choices. By looking at your natal chart which is a chart that is created based upon astrology, you can see what direction your life should be going in. As an example to illustrate, making zodiac Pisces career choices using Astrology will involve gathering information about the Pisces zodiac sign, what time of year it is in ascendency and what characteristics about a Pisces person that tells us. This information is used for determining whether or not you should be in a relationship, if you are going to have a prosperous year and whether your current form of employment is the best fit for you. By reading horoscopes regularly, you can make choices based upon what they say and sometimes they will relate to making a career choice. The bottom line is that millions of people have used this information to change their life for the better, and, therefore, it will most certainly provide you with insider information, so to speak, about the direction your career should be going in.

If you are not happy with your current career choice, you should definitely consider looking at horoscopes, or talking to an astrologist about your situation. They will be able to look into what is happening with your life, and present possibilities that may be coming your way, allowing you to have a better chance of making the right choice in regard to your career.

What Is The Year Of The Monkey?

In the Chinese zodiac, there is a 12 year cycle with an animal to represent each year in the cycle. The monkey is ranked ninth in the cycle. The year of the monkey relates to any year that falls ninth in the 12 year cycle. Examples of years of the monkey include 1956, 1968, 1980, 1992 and 2004. The next year of the monkey will be 2016.

"Monkeys", or anyone born in the years of the Monkey, are said to be cautious about their health, career, love lives and investments.

Personality

So just what is the year of the Monkey and what are horoscopes based on this year like?. What personal characteristics to people born in the Monkey year have?

Just like the monkey itself, people born in its years tend to be very witty and intelligent and have a charismatic personality. Other people are easily drawn to them. Curiosity, mischievousness and cleverness are traits that make Monkeys cheeky and naughty.

Because of their mischievous nature, Monkeys love practical jokes, but they sometimes unintentionally hurt other people's feelings. Their witty and intelligent nature allows them to be fast learners, and people who are quick to grab opportunities. Their intelligence also makes them interested in a wide number of things. This can be attributed to their curiosity too. Most people love the outgoing, fun and eccentric nature of Monkeys; however, not everyone trusts them. Some find their sly and inquisitive nature a cause for wariness.

Despite their intelligence and creativity, Monkeys are not good at expressing their various talents. Furthermore, Monkeys love challenges and are hence best suited for the fast paced lifestyle of urban areas as opposed to rural ones.

Health

In general, Monkeys tend to be very healthy because of the active lifestyles they live. If a Monkey falls sick, their illness involves the nervous or circulatory system more often than not.

Monkeys may need to spend more time on their daily responsibilities, so they need to be constantly reminded to take a break every once in a while and reserve their energy.

Monkeys love outdoor activities and should exercise extreme caution while driving or traveling.

Best Jobs

Monkeys are energetic, and this often translates to them being very hardworking. They are flexible and can easily adapt to changing work environments. The best career choices for Monkeys would be science, accounting, banking, stock market trading, engineering, film directing, salesmanship and air traffic control.

Relationships

In relationships, Monkeys tend to take their time to settle down. This is because Monkeys tend to get bored very easily. This behavior or theirs ends when they find the right person. Once they find that person, they will commit to them in every way possible.

Strengths

Monkeys are self-assured, versatile, sociable and innovative. They are thirsty for knowledge and have remarkable memories. They are assertive and no have no qualms about going after what they want in life.

Weaknesses

Monkeys are known to be, at times, jealous, cunning, arrogant and selfish. They give up on something that does not prove to be a challenge to them. They are also very impatient and tend to look down on others.

How Astrology Can Be Used To Determine A Career

According to the Zodiac, certain aspects of ones lifestyle and work can make him/her succeed in life or fail. Because of this, there are people who choose a career based on Career astrology forecasting. The Zodiac came up with 5 elements that can be used to recommend a career that is suitable for an individual.

Individuals that are fond of flowing water are poised to choose a career in any of the following professions:

Chemical engineering Irrigation Travel Supermarkets Import and export business Laundry Professional consulting Offer personal services such as cleaning

Individuals who love heat or light can choose a career in any of these fields:

Electrical engineering Fuel Computer Electronics Welding Glass making Fireworks Restaurants Food processing Movie production Work in oil companies Laser Semiconductors

On the other hand, individuals that enjoy natural organisms and the environment will find a career in the creative field fulfilling. They could choose careers in the following areas:

Forestry Biology Medicine Gardening Woodwork Magazine, Bookstore Astrology Religion Mentoring

The following astrological criteria are used in choosing a professional path

<iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-2thgwTKCww?rel=0&showinfo=0" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>
Aries

These are outgoing individuals. They are confident and dynamic. They are the people who are suitable in careers that involve the government since it gives them power that boosts their ego. They can also do well in careers such as education and construction.

Taurus

These are men and women who are practical in their approach. They are drawn to earth, a sign that helps them acquire certain traits. They make decisions after considering many factors and dont act on impulse. The career fields that are thought to be suitable to these people include interior designing accounting finance and law. These areas cater for their luxurious and artistic nature.

Gemini

These are individuals who love and seek variety. They get bored with routine jobs. They do well in careers such as architecture, writing and designing. They love to talk and communicate and can be effective in marketing careers.

Cancer

People who have Cancer as their sign are normally emotional, imaginative kindhearted. They are protective and are suitable for careers in psychology, legal services and nursing. These people can also excel in history archeology.

Leo

These are people who are born as leaders. They are charismatic, optimistic and have a huge ego. They lust for power, leadership and limelight. They are the people who love being at the centre stage and easily win the adulation of the masses. They excel in entertainment, real estate and engineering.

Virgo

These are individuals who are detail oriented and passionate about the acquisition of knowledge in the field of their choice. They make great careers in the field of writing, editing and social work.

My Brother’s Keeper: From Sibling Violence to Brotherly Love

As recently as the 19th century, Western societies lived by an unspoken pact: what happened in the family stayed in the family. Scandal, and even violence, was nobody else’s business and was best hidden from the public so that the illusion of wholesome, happy and healthy family relationships could be maintained.
Gradually, however, cracks began to appear in society’s veneer, and the image of the modern flourishing family gave way to a more nuanced portrait. First, seemingly isolated incidents of child abuse intruded on public awareness, prompting the establishment of a society for child protection in America by 1875, and a similar society in Britain by 1884. The exposure of marital violence was less forthcoming despite the efforts of early women’s movements. Nearly a century passed before the first shelter for battered women opened in England and its founder, Erin Pizzey, published Scream Quietly or the Neighbours Will Hear (1974), which would spread awareness of domestic violence across Europe. The next year, British geriatric physician G.R. Burston described a phenomenon he called “granny battering,” corresponding to what American practitioners had been calling “battered old person syndrome.”
But there was yet another skeleton to be discovered in the family closet. In 1980 a groundbreaking study, known as the National Family Violence Survey, would be published in the United States under the title Behind Closed Doors: Violence in the American Family; it would reveal that—of all forms of family violence—the most prevalent was that which occurs between siblings.
This discovery remains well worth looking into, because despite reductions in birth rates throughout much of the world, the majority of children have brothers and sisters. Even in China, single-child policies have not been widely implemented outside urban areas. And rather than being immune to sibling violence, single children may suffer indirect but significant effects, since those who are violent toward siblings also tend to be violent toward dating partners and peers.
But what is sibling violence? Don’t all children quarrel and even fight occasionally? Isn’t it an overreaction to classify aggressive behavior between siblings as violence? Where is the line between “normal” sibling conflict and abusive behavior, and how and when should parents intervene?
Oddly enough, despite the surprising finding of the National Family Violence Survey, these questions went largely unconsidered for some time by researchers in their understandable zeal to study forms of domestic violence that had already been accepted as social problems. Sibling violence was easily shrugged off as little more than an exaggerated form of sibling rivalry, a concept that in some circles is considered “Darwinian common sense.” Sibling aggression, bullying and even murder, after all, are certainly not unusual in nature, where in some species the wild young compete to the death for the sole right to the survival resources provided by their parents. Thus the terms “sibling” and “rivalry” were nearly inseparable for decades, particularly in Western cultures, forming the basis of perhaps the most popular view of the sibling relationship.
Interestingly, the first crime described in the Bible is fratricide: a jealous Cain kills his more successful brother, Abel, and when asked his whereabouts, Cain disdainfully responds, “I don’t know. Am I my brother’s keeper?” Clearly he thinks not.
Later in the same book, Genesis, a younger brother (Jacob) cheats his older brother (Esau) out of his inheritance, and a few short chapters farther on, Jacob’s older sons throw their paternally favored brother, Joseph, into a pit and conspire to kill him. In a twist that hints at the complexity possible in sibling relationships, one of the brothers, Reuben, hatches a private plan to return and save Joseph, but he is unable to intervene before the others sell the boy into slavery. Joseph ultimately repays his brothers with kindness, saving their lives in the face of drought and almost certain starvation. But it is the early rivalry between them that tends to be remembered, reinforcing commonly held stereotypes about the nature of sibling relationships.
At the other extreme, the relationship between twins has enjoyed a far more benign reputation. Stories abound of seemingly telepathic twins whose bonds—spiritual and physical—were forged in the womb, who enjoy a harmonious mind meld of the kind that is assumed to be forever beyond the reach of ordinary siblings not fortunate enough to be endowed with a real-life mirror image.
The reality, of course, is that twins can be plagued by competitive and even violent relationships just as singletons can enjoy warm, supportive bonds. But it was perhaps not until Stephen P. Bank and Michael D. Kahn published the 1982 edition of The Sibling Bond, a collection of their research into the complexities of sibling interactions, that these polarized stereotypes were seriously challenged by researchers. Further, Bank and Kahn’s contention that parents are not actually a child’s only significant influence inspired later researchers to explore the rich variety of emotional, developmental and other needs that sibling relationships can fulfill, leading many to regard brothers and sisters as potentially important attachment figures—different from parents, but no less influential. As we will see, the findings of these studies in terms of the influence of sibling relationships on personality development and even resilience raise serious questions about whether and how far parents should tolerate conflict and aggression between their children.
The same body of research also underscores that it isn’t enough for parents to discourage negative interactions between siblings. Just because children don’t lash out at one another overtly doesn’t mean they feel warmly toward one another—and it’s the degree of warmth in a sibling relationship rather than the mere absence of negativity that predicts children’s behavioral, emotional and social adjustment. This isn’t to say that children who feel warmth toward one another will never experience conflict, of course; the goal for parents is to help children increase their ability to resolve conflict reasonably quickly and restore an atmosphere of active support. This may require parents to change their expectations: instead of brushing off hitting, name-calling and shunning as harmless behaviors, parents ideally would make it clear that they expect their children to treat each other with warmth and affection, and would reward such behavior when it occurs spontaneously.
Obviously it is in a parent’s best interest to aim for this: few parents take pleasure in presiding over constant squabbling. More important, it’s in the children’s best interest too. Sibling relationships are likely to be the most enduring they will have in their lifetime. Like our parents, siblings are party to our early experiences, but barring unnatural death, they are likely to remain part of our lives much longer, outliving parents by 20 years or more. In addition, if siblings share both parents with us, we will typically have about 50 percent of our DNA in common. That means they are genetically more like us than anyone else on earth other than our parents. Considering that these relationships can contribute tremendously to the stores of resilience that will help carry us through the adverse events that are an inevitable part of life, it makes sense to ensure that they are as supportive and nurturing as possible. Fortunately, research suggests that even though there will always be some elements outside their control, parents are capable of exerting a powerful influence over whether their children will develop positive or negative relationships, either of which can have a lasting effect on the child’s worldview and corresponding mental health persisting long into adulthood.

The Key to Happy Relationships? It’s Not All About Communication

If couples were paying any attention during the past few decades, they should be able to recite the one critical ingredient for a healthy relationship — communication. But the latest study shows that other skills may be almost as important for keeping couples happy.
While expressing your needs and feelings in a positive way to your significant other is a good foundation for resolving conflicts and building a healthy relationship, these skills may not be as strong a predictor of couples’ happiness as experts once thought.
In an Internet-based study involving 2,201 participants referred by couples counselors, scientists decided to test, head to head, seven “relationship competencies” that previous researchers and marital therapists found to be important in promoting happiness in romantic relationships. The idea was to rank the skills in order of importance to start building data on which aspects of relationships are most important to keeping them healthy. In addition to communication and conflict resolution, the researchers tested for sex or romance, stress management, life skills, knowledge of partners and self-management to see which ones were the best predictors of relationship satisfaction. Couples were asked questions that tested their competency in all of these areas and then queried about how satisfied they were with their relationships. The researchers correlated each partner’s strengths and weaknesses in each area with the person’ relationship satisfaction.
Not surprisingly, those who reported communicating more effectively showed the highest satisfaction with their relationships. But the next two factors — which were also the only other ones with strong links to couple happiness — were knowledge of partner (which included everything from knowing their pizza-topping preferences to their hopes and dreams) and life skills (being able to hold a job, manage money, etc.).
Couples counselors, however, rarely address these two areas, as the focus on strengthening relationships has been on improving communication to reduce destructive behavior and to build support and comfort for each other. “For the last 25 years,” says Tom Bradbury, a veteran couples researcher at the University of California, Los Angeles, “the prevailing attitude has been that relationships need to meet our emotional needs.” To be successful, however, he’s also found that relationships need to function in more practical, and perhaps mundane ways as well.
And learning more about your partner, says the study’s lead author Robert Epstein, a professor of psychology at the University of the South Pacific, in Fiji, could be relatively easy if people (men especially, since they scored worse in this area) took the trouble to find out, remember and put to use such relatively simple information as the names of their partner’s relatives and the dates of birthdays and anniversaries. Even more important, Epstein says, is knowing such critical things as whether your partner wants children. While his study did not separate trivial from such profound knowledge, he says that the two are strongly linked.
While other marriage researchers agree that forgetting things like birthdays or food preferences can be annoying and detrimental to a relationship, they believe the importance of life skills that was revealed in the study is telling.
“It’s an old idea, really,” says Bradbury. “In 1900 a woman or man would think, ‘My partner must be able to provide for me.’ ‘She must be able to help me plant and dig up the crops.’” If the couple had this foundation, they’d consider themselves lucky if they also got their emotional needs met. In Marriage, a History: How Love Conquered Marriage, historian Stephanie Coontz traces the gradual erosion of this old idea of marriage back about 200 years in Western society as cultural expectations about marriage changed from one rooted in kinship, property and utility to one in which people were expected to get nearly all of their emotional needs met by one person.
For today’s couples interested in improving their relationships, say the study’s authors, therapists might consider going back to the basics and incorporating more practical social skills into their discussions. And that may include referring those who lack these skills to money managers or career coaches. “Communication skills are necessary,” says Lisa Neff, couples researcher at the University of Texas at Austin, “but they’re not sufficient when couples are under stress.”
It’s important for couples to know how the outside world — whether they can get a job, whether their kids can play outside safely or go to a good school — will affect their relationship even if they have good life skills and good communication skills. Strong relationships, says Bradbury, recognizes how pressures outside of home and the relationship can influence, and even break down good communication skills.
“Outside,” Bradbury says, “there is a real world that impinges on us.” To deal with it takes not only communication, but also an understanding that even the strongest communication networks among partners can falter and when they’re under these intense external pressure. The strategy he suggests for couples he counsels is to join forces rather than turn away from each other. “It’s not you against each other; it’s you against the world,” he says.